In the field of surgery, sutures are essential tools used to close wounds, support healing, and minimize the risk of infection. Among the many types of absorbable sutures, catgut sutures remain widely recognized for their effectiveness and versatility. Two common variants are Plain Catgut and Chromic Catgut, each with unique properties that make them suitable for different surgical needs.
This blog will help you understand the key differences, applications, and benefits of both types.
What Are Catgut Sutures?
Catgut sutures are natural absorbable sutures made from the collagen found in the intestines of sheep or cattle. Despite the name, no part of a cat is involved. These sutures are known for being:
-
Biodegradable: They naturally dissolve in the body.
-
Safe and reliable: Widely used in both human and veterinary medicine.
-
Time-tested: Among the oldest forms of suturing material still in use today.
Plain Catgut Sutures
Plain Catgut sutures are untreated and are absorbed quickly by the body.
Key Features:
-
Rapid absorption (usually within 7–10 days).
-
Minimal tissue reaction.
-
Ideal for tissues that heal quickly.
Common Applications:
-
Tying off small blood vessels.
-
Closing soft tissues that require only short-term support.
-
Used in procedures where long-term wound support is not necessary.
Chromic Catgut Sutures
Chromic Catgut sutures are treated with a chromium salt solution to slow down their absorption and improve durability.
Key Features:
-
Slower absorption (typically within 15–20 days or more).
-
Greater resistance to body enzymes.
-
Reduced tissue reactivity compared to plain catgut.
Common Applications:
-
Internal tissues that require extended support.
-
General surgeries, gynecology, and gastrointestinal procedures.
-
Situations where wound healing may take longer.
Plain Catgut vs Chromic Catgut: Key Differences
| Feature | Plain Catgut | Chromic Catgut |
|---|---|---|
| Absorption Rate | Fast (7–10 days) | Slower (15–20 days or more) |
| Treatment | No chemical treatment | Treated with chromium salts |
| Tissue Support | Short-term | Longer-term |
| Tissue Reaction | Slightly higher | Reduced due to treatment |
| Best For | Rapidly healing tissues | Tissues needing extended support |
Which One Should Be Used?
The choice between plain catgut and chromic catgut depends on the type of surgery and healing requirements:
-
If the tissue heals quickly and does not need prolonged support → Plain Catgut is preferred.
-
If tissues require more time to heal and need extended support → Chromic Catgut is the better choice.
Ultimately, the surgeon decides based on the patient’s condition and the specific surgical procedure.
Conclusion
Both Plain Catgut and Chromic Catgut sutures play an important role in modern surgical practices. While plain catgut offers quick absorption for short-term needs, chromic catgut provides extended durability for tissues requiring longer healing. Understanding their differences allows healthcare professionals to select the right suture for optimal patient outcomes.
In every case, the goal remains the same: safe wound closure, reduced risk of infection, and effective healing.
